Importance of Civil Engineering

The importance of Civil Engineering and Civil Engineers is something that is highly appreciated. Civil engineers play an extremely important role in society.

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Sir John Harvey Jones quoted

Go for civil engineering, because civil engineering is the branch of engineering which teaches you the most about managing people. Managing people is a skill that is very, very useful and applies almost regardless of what you do.

Importance of Civil Engineering

Civil Engineers build, and shape Society & The Nation. Civil engineers play a major role in the infrastructural development of a country.

Civil Engineering is the base of all Engineering and the oldest stream of Engineering which is growing right from the stone age of civilization. It fulfills one of the basic requirements of the man “Shelter”.

Civil engineering deals with all the important fields of the world. Every field revolves around Civil Engineering.  Housing, Water Supply, Sewage Treatment, Dams, Transportation (Roads, Bridges, Railways, Tunnels, Airports, Ports), Irrigation and Agricultural- all of them are dependent on Civil Engineering.

Civil engineers are important people in our lives. Because they design, build, and maintain the foundation for our modern society – our roads and bridges, drinking water and energy systems, sea ports and airports, and the infrastructure for a cleaner and healthier environment, etc., Civil engineering touches us throughout our day. Civil engineering involves planning and execution, transportation of materials, and site development based on hydraulic, environmental, structural and geotechnical engineering.

Branches of Civil engineering:

There are several branches of civil engineering. A civil engineer can master his studies in a number of different civil engineering branches. Let’s look at them briefly.

Structural Engineering

The structural analysis and design of structures are studied under Structural engineering. Many crucial factors are dependent on a structure such as, climate changes, natural disasters and load-bearing capacity. It is the duty and responsibility of the structural engineer to design a structure that has to be efficient to resist all these factors. And also, the structure designed by the engineer must satisfy the project requirements as well as safety regulations.

Sub Branches of Structural Engineering:

Other branches of engineering which can be studied and also important for the structural engineering are

• Earthquake engineering
• Wind engineering
• Architectural engineering
• Ocean engineering

Environmental Engineering

The study of environment friendly designs, pollution and their resolutions and sewage management is called as Environmental Engineering. Many engineers focus on pollution and its solutions and some on Sewage management. Environmental Engineers design environment friendly designs.

Sub Branches of Environmental Engineering:

Other branches of engineering which can be studied and also important for the Environmental engineering are

• Ecological engineering
• Fire protection engineering
• Sanitary engineering
• Wastewater engineering
• Municipal or urban engineering

Transportation Engineering

Transportation Engineers design and implement the infrastructures that deal with transportation in order to provide a safe, comfortable, convenient, economical and environmentally compatible mode of transport. Transportation engineering deals with the planning, construction and management of transportation facilities.

Sub Branches of Transportation Engineering:

Other branches of engineering which can be studied and also important for the Transportation engineering are

• Highway Engineering
• Air transportation
• Waterway
• Aerospace
• Coastal & Ocean and urban transportation
• Traffic engineering
• Railway systems engineering

Earthquake Engineering

Earthquake engineering deals with the structures designed and built-in regions which are Earthquake prone or Seismic activities. Earthquake engineers must design and construct structures based on how well they will react within an earthquake situation.

Geotechnical Engineering

The geological study of earth materials and how they affect a structure is called as Geotechnical Engineering. A geotechnical engineer studies soil, foundations and bearing capacity of the soil.

Sub Branches of Geotechnical Engineering:

• Mining engineering
• Foundation engineering
• Ecological engineering
• Fire protection engineering
• Sanitary engineering

Water Resource Engineering

Designing and construction of hydraulic structures is what Water Resource Engineering offers. Here engineers design structures like dams, canals and water distribution system. When dealing with hydraulic structures engineers must pay attention to implementation and safety precautions of the structure.

Hydraulic Engineering is the sub branch of water resource engineering.

Material Engineering

It is the responsibility of the Material Engineers to determine the best possible material to be used for a project. In this branch engineers study the strength and properties of the material used in construction.

Construction Engineering

Construction engineering deals with the planning, construction and maintenance of structures. Construction engineers plan and execute the designs from site development, environmental, structural, transportation and structural engineers.

It is the responsibility of a Construction engineer to ensure that the plans that have been designed by other engineers are implemented to their exact specifications. They are supervisors for the work during the entire project.

Surveying

Civil Engineering that deals with surveying is an operation that involves assessing and recording details about an area of land. This is done to locate and measure property lines, lay out buildings, bridges, channels, highways, and pipelines for constructions.

Coastal Engineering

Coastal engineering deals with structures constructed near coastal area and marine structures such as groynes and embankments. Coastal engineering involves the study of oceanography and coastal geology. Coastal engineers monitor coastal structures to control erosion of the coastal structures; nourish beaches; and develop and maintain ports, harbours, and related navigation facilities.

Tunnel Engineering

Civil engineers who specialize in tunnel engineering are responsible for the planning, designing, construction, safety and maintenance of tunnels. The tunnels are defined as the underground passages that are used for the transportation purposes like roadways, waterways or trains.

Irrigation Engineering

Irrigation engineering is a science of artificial supply of water to land for raising crops. Irrigation engineering means controlling and harnessing the various natural sources of water, by construction of dam and reservoirs, canals and headwork and finally distributing the water to the agriculture. There are 4 major types of irrigation.

1. Sprinkler irrigation

2. Surface irrigation,

3. Drip irrigation,

4. Sub-irrigation and manual irrigation

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